Unsteady Flowfield About an Iced Airfoil
Holly M. Gurbacki and Michael B. Bragg
University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
ABSTRACT
An experimental investigation was performed on a NACA 0012 airfoil with simulated three-dimensional
and two-dimensional leading-edge glaze ice accretions. The unsteady flow features were investigated through
spectral, correlation, and visualization analyses and were related to the iced-airfoil performance. The most
significant unsteady flowfield effect on the iced-airfoil performance was a low-frequency flow phenomenon on
the order of 10 Hz that resulted in Strouhal numbers of 0.0048 – 0.0101. The low-frequency oscillation
produced large-scale pressure fluctuations near separation at high angles of attack and elevated lift and
moment fluctuations as low as a = 5º. The iced-airfoil flowfield exhibited a separation bubble of varying
thickness and fluctuating reattachment, characteristics similar to those associated with the low-frequency
shear-layer flapping and bubble growth and decay of other separated and reattached flows. Vortex structures
observed in the shear layer were presumed to be the cause of large-scale pressure fluctuations upstream of
reattachment at small angles of attack. Pressure spectra near reattachment exhibited wide bandwidth frequency
peaks that indicated a non-periodic phenomenon and corresponded to the regular mode often associated with
vortex movement in and aft of the shear layer. Strouhal numbers ranged from 0.53 to 0.73. Although vortex
shedding was rarely observed, the convection of surface pressure fluctuations occurred at approximately half the
freestream velocity, similar to shedding velocities reported by others.